【國際版】無人機實現火星首飛!到底傳回了哪些資料?

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【國際版】無人機實現火星首飛!到底傳回了哪些資料?

Earlier today, at about 11am Mars time, the Ingenuity Mars Helicopter successfully completed its very first flight on Mars。 The little helicopter, which is about the size of a box of tissues, did exactly what it was supposed to do, ascending vertically to 3 meters, hovering for 30 seconds, pivoting towards the Perseverance rover, and then landing again, for a total flight time of about 40 seconds。

With this flight, Ingenuity’s mission is officially a success, opening up the skies of Mars to autonomous robots that can explore farther, faster than ever before。

今天早些時候,火星時間上午11點左右,別出心裁的火星直升機成功完成了在火星上的首次飛行。這架大約有一盒紙巾大小的小型直升機,完全按照它的設想,垂直上升到3米,盤旋30秒,以“毅力”號為軸心,然後再次降落,總飛行時間約40秒。

有了這次飛行,Ingenuity的任務正式獲得成功,為能夠探索更遠、比以往更快的自主機器人打開了火星的天空。

What data has helicopter sent back to Earth so far?

到目前為止,直升機向地球發回了什麼資料?

The first data products to make it back confirmed that Ingenuity is safe and healthy, which was the most important thing。 As far as the actual flight went, the helicopter initially sent back confirmations of each of its flight phases, including an altimeter plot, showing that it started its mission on the ground, ascended, hovered, descended, and ended its flight in good enough shape to transmit back to Earth via Perseverance as a relay。

第一批返回的資料產品證實了“Ingenuity”是安全和健康的,這是最重要的。就實際飛行而言,直升機最初發回了對其每個飛行階段的確認,包括高度表圖,顯示它在地面開始任務,上升、盤旋、下降,並以良好的狀態結束飛行,透過堅持不懈的接力傳回地球。

【國際版】無人機實現火星首飛!到底傳回了哪些資料?

We’ve also seen the first picture from Ingenuity’s downward-facing navigation camera, along with a few frames of animation from Perseverance showing the flight itself。

我們還看到了Ingenuity的向下導航攝像頭拍攝的第一張照片,以及顯示飛行本身的幾幀動畫。

【國際版】無人機實現火星首飛!到底傳回了哪些資料?

When will there be more pictures and video?

什麼時候會有更多的圖片和影片?

More data should be arriving back at Earth over the course of the day today。

今天將有更多的資料返回地球。

Wait, wasn’t this supposed to have happened a week ago?

等等,這不是一週前就應該發生的嗎?

The first flight attempt was originally scheduled for April 12, but on April 9, a high-speed spin test revealed a command sequencing issue that JPL needed some extra time to diagnose and fix。 This solution worked 85% of the time, and failed safely, which was good enough for the attempt today。

第一次試飛原定於4月12日,但在4月9日,高速旋轉測試發現了一個命令排序問題,噴氣推進實驗室需要一些額外的時間來診斷和修復。這個解決方案在85%的時間內有效,並且安全地失敗了,這對於今天的嘗試來說已經足夠了。

What does Ingenuity do next?

Ingenuity接下來做什麼?

The clock is ticking on Ingenuity’s 30 day mission window, so there will be a lot more happening over the next few weeks。 Here’s JPL’s tentative plan for the next several flights:

Flight Test No。 2 could be expanded to include climbing to 16 feet (5 meters) and then flying horizontally for a few feet (meters), flying horizontally back to descend, and landing within the airfield。 Total flight time could be up to 90 seconds。 Images from the helicopter’s navigation camera will later be used by project team members on Earth to evaluate the helicopter’s navigation performance。

If the second experimental test flight is a success, the goals of Flight Test No。 3 could be expanded to test the helicopter’s ability to fly farther and faster–up to 160 feet (50 meters) from the airfield and then return。 Total flight time could be up to 90 seconds。

If the project timeline allows for Flight Tests No。 4 and 5, the goals and flight plans will be based on data returned from the first three tests。 The flights could further explore Ingenuity’s aerial capabilities, including flying at a time of day where higher winds are expected and traveling farther downrange with more changes in altitude, heading, and airspeed。

Ingenuity為期30天的任務視窗正在計時,因此在接下來的幾周裡,將會有更多的事情發生。以下是噴氣推進實驗室未來幾次飛行的初步計劃:

第二次飛行試驗可以擴大到爬升到16英尺(5米),然後水平飛行幾英尺(米),水平飛行返回下降,並在機場內著陸。總飛行時間可能長達90秒。來自直升機導航攝像頭的影象稍後將被地球上的專案團隊成員用來評估直升機的導航效能。

如果第二次試飛成功,第三次試飛的目標可以擴大到測試直升機飛得更遠更快的能力——飛離機場160英尺(50米)然後返回。總飛行時間可能長達90秒。

如果專案時間表允許進行4號和5號飛行試驗,目標和飛行計劃將基於前三次試驗返回的資料。這些飛行可以進一步探索Ingenuity的空中能力,包括在一天中預計風力會更大的時候飛行,以及在高度、航向和空速變化更大的情況下飛行更遠的距離。

素材來源:

https://spectrum。ieee。org/automaton/aerospace/robotic-exploration/ingenuity-helicopter-successfully-makes-first-flight-on-mars

https://mars。nasa。gov/mars2020/

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