外刊雙語:微軟收購動視暴雪構成壟斷嗎?

原文標題:

The gaming marketCoD and chipsWhy trustbusters should let Microsoft buy Activision Blizzard遊戲市場遊戲與晶片反托拉斯檢察官允許微軟收購動視暴雪的原因

Blocking the deal is as likely to harm consumers as it is to protect them

阻止這項交易對消費者來說,既可能是傷害,也可能是保護

[Paragraph 1]

IN THE PAST two decades video gaming has gone from a

nerdy

hobby to a

blockbuster

industry, with revenues over five times bigger than the cinema box office。

過去二十年裡,電子遊戲從一個乏味的業餘愛好變成了轟動一時的產業,且收益達到了電影票房的五倍多。

Today it is home to one of the largest tech mergers in history。

如今,該行業將有歷史上最大的科技併購案之一。

In January Microsoft agreed to pay $69bn to buy Activision Blizzard, a game studio。

今年1月,微軟同意斥資690億美元收購遊戲工作室動視暴雪。

Yet the mega deal may not go ahead。

但這筆交易可能無法達成。

America’s Federal Trade Commission—one of 16 regulators around the world to have taken an interest—will probably say soon that it will sue to block it。

美國聯邦貿易委員會是世界上16個相關監管機構之一,它近期可能很快就會提起訴訟以阻止該交易。

外刊雙語:微軟收購動視暴雪構成壟斷嗎?

[Paragraph 2]

Trustbusters have two main worries。

反托拉斯檢察官主要有兩大擔憂。

The first is the jewel in Activision Blizzard’s portfolio: “Call of Duty”, a military-themed first-person shooter game, the latest version of which sold over $1bn-worth of copies in just ten days。

首先是動視暴雪投資組合中的法寶:《使命召喚》,這是一款以軍事為主題的第一人稱射擊遊戲,其最新版本在短短10天內銷售量價值超過10億美元。

It is available on both Microsoft’s Xbox games consoles and Sony’s competing PlayStation。

微軟的Xbox遊戲機和競爭對手索尼的PlayStation遊戲機上都有這款遊戲。

Regulators fear Microsoft could make “Call of Duty”

exclusive

to the Xbox,

undermining

competition between the ecosystems。

監管機構擔心微軟可能會將《使命召喚》變成Xbox的專屬遊戲,破壞市場的有序競爭。

[Paragraph 3]

Microsoft says that it does not want to freeze out PlayStation。

微軟表示,它並不是想排擠PlayStation。

Its aim is to add titles to Game Pass, its monthly subscription service which, in effect, rents out a bundle of games rather than selling them individually。

它的目標是在其每月訂閱服務Game Pass中新增遊戲,該服務實際上是捆綁出租遊戲,而不是單獨銷售。

Herein lies regulators’ second concern。

監管機構的第二個擔憂也隨之而來。

At the moment Game Pass is chiefly an Xbox service, but it could one day have much broader reach as games are streamed from cloud-computing services onto people’s televisions, web browsers and phones。

目前Game Pass主要是Xbox的一項服務,但隨著遊戲從雲計算服務流媒體傳輸到人們的電視、網頁瀏覽器和手機上,未來它的影響範圍可能更廣。

Microsoft’s cloud-computing business, Azure, might give it a technological edge while Game Pass—expanded to include Activision Blizzard’s portfolio—provides the best content。

微軟的雲計算業務Azure可能給它帶來技術優勢。而Game pass,這個擴充套件到包括動視暴雪的投資組合,則提供了最好的內容。

Trustbusters worry that Microsoft could gain an i

nsurmountable

lead in a

nascent

market。

反托拉斯檢察官擔心,微軟可能會在新興市場上獲得不可逾越的領先地位。

[Paragraph 4]

Neither worry is a reason to block the merger。

這兩種擔憂都不應該成為阻止合併的理由。

Take “Call of Duty”。

以《使命召含》為例。

Microsoft is starting from third place in the console market—in which it sells the Xbox at a loss—and Activision Blizzard earns hundreds of millions of dollars a year from selling “Call of Duty” to more numerous PlayStation users。

微軟從遊戲機市場的第三名起步,虧本銷售Xbox;而動視暴雪則透過向更多的PlayStation使用者銷售《使命召喚》,每年賺取數億美元。

Recent history suggests Microsoft should hesitate to give up those revenues。

近期的歷史表明,微軟應該在放棄這些收入方面猶豫不決。

In 2018 AT&T, a telecoms company, bought Time Warner, a media giant。

2018年,電信公司AT&T收購了媒體巨頭時代華納。

It then pulled stellar exclusive content, such as the

sitcom

“Friends”, from rival broadcasters’ streaming platforms in an effort to promote its own service。

為了推廣自己的服務,它從競爭對手的流媒體平臺上撤下了諸如情景喜劇《老友記》等一流的獨家內容。

That helped cause a collapse in profits and the

unwinding

of the merger。

這在一定程度上導致了利潤的暴跌和合並的解體。

Although Microsoft would have good reason not to make “Call of Duty” exclusive, regulators could in any case insist it honours a promise to keep selling the game to PlayStation users on reasonable terms。

儘管微軟有充分的理由不讓《使命召喚》成為獨家遊戲,監管機構可能會堅持要求微軟履行承諾,繼續以合理的條件向PlayStation使用者出售遊戲。

[Paragraph 5]

Television also offers a lesson about game streaming。

電視也為遊戲流媒體提供了教訓。

In 2016 Hollywood

was rife with

fears that Netflix would become a

monopoly

2016年,好萊塢非常擔憂Netflix會成為壟斷企業。

Some argued it wielded so much power that fed-up creative types were scared to criticise it。

一些人認為它影響力太大,以至於厭倦創新的人不敢批評它。

Its advantage did not last。

但它的優勢並沒有持續下去。

Today its growth is stalling as it faces competition from Amazon and Disney。

如今,面臨亞馬遜和迪士尼的競爭,它的增長陷入停滯。

Games are harder to make and stream than sitcoms。

遊戲比情景喜劇更難製作和播放。

But plenty of firms are capable of challenging Microsoft, including gaming rivals like Nintendo and technology giants like Nvidia and Apple。

但很多公司都有實力與微軟一較高下,包括遊戲競爭對手任天堂,科技巨頭英偉達和蘋果。

Microsoft would not own blockbuster games from “Fortnite” to “FIFA”, made by the studios Epic Games and Electronic Arts, respectively。

微軟將不再擁有史詩遊戲製作的《堡壘之夜》和和藝電製作的《FIFA》等熱門遊戲。

By one estimate, a merged Microsoft-Activision Blizzard would account for only 14% of global gaming revenues among the biggest listed gaming companies。

據估計,微軟和動視暴雪合併後只佔全球最大的上市遊戲公司遊戲收入的14%。

[Paragraph 6]

Stay frosty

保持冷靜

Trustbusters are

twitchy

about technology mergers, having failed to stop Facebook buying Instagram and WhatsApp in the early 2010s, which led to a time when social media was less competitive than it should have been。

反托拉斯檢察官對科技公司的合併感到不安。他們未能阻止Facebook在2010年代初收購Instagram和WhatsApp,這導致社交媒體之間的競爭下降。

But Microsoft is experimenting with an unproven business model, not

picking off

a competitor。

但微軟正在嘗試一種新的商業模式,而不是去擊敗競爭對手。

Game Pass is only about 15% of Microsoft’s revenues from Xbox games and streaming accounts for well under 1% of game spending today。

Game Pass僅佔微軟Xbox遊戲營收的15%左右,而流媒體遊戲在當前遊戲支出中所佔比例遠低於1%。

The fact that a market is only just getting off the ground is a reason for regulators to be cautious, not for them to intervene。

市場才剛剛起步,這一事實是監管機構保持謹慎的理由,而不是讓他們進行干預的理由。

Preventing Microsoft from buying Activision Blizzard is as likely to harm consumers by stopping a new product from taking shape as it is to protect them from a big company with

excessive

market power。

阻止微軟收購動視暴雪可能會阻止新產品的形成,從而損害消費者的利益,但也會保護他們免受擁有過度市場力量的大公司的傷害。

(恭喜讀完,本篇英語詞彙量667左右)

原文出自:2022年12月3日《The Economist》Leaders版塊。

精讀筆記來源於:自由英語之

本文翻譯整理: Maree

本文編輯校對: Irene

僅供個人英語學習交流使用。

【補充資料】

(來自於網路)

微軟計劃以687億美元收購遊戲公司動視暴雪,687億美元是一個怎樣的概念?以100美元紙鈔計算,按張疊放,高度可以超過7。5公里;按重量計算,超過7。2噸。如果微軟能夠成功將動視暴雪納入囊中,將會達成全球遊戲行業、也是微軟歷史上最大的一次收購,微軟也將超過任天堂,成為全球第三大遊戲公司,僅次於索尼和騰訊。

“Call of Duty”《使命召喚》是由動視公司(現為動視暴雪,2007年12月2日宣佈合併)於2003年最初製作發行的FPS遊戲系列。

AT&T斥資854億美元收購時代華納,在創造2016年全球範圍內迄今為止金額最大一筆併購案的同時,AT&T的負債也攀升至2000億美元。

【重點句子】

(3 個)

Regulators fear Microsoft could make “Call of Duty” exclusive to the Xbox, undermining competition between the ecosystems。

監管機構擔心微軟可能會將《使命召喚》變成Xbox的專屬遊戲,破壞市場的有序競爭。

Trustbusters worry that Microsoft could gain an insurmountable lead in a nascent market。

反托拉斯檢察官擔心,微軟可能會在新興市場上獲得無法超越的領先地位。

The fact that a market is only just getting off the ground is a reason for regulators to be cautious, not for them to intervene。

市場才剛剛起步,這一事實是監管機構保持謹慎的理由,而不是讓他們進行干預的理由。

外刊雙語:微軟收購動視暴雪構成壟斷嗎?

自由英語之路